Author: Aliya Jayed

  • World Environment Day Celebration 2026

    World Environment Day Celebration 2026

    In celebration of World Environment Day 2026, we are pleased to participate in Multilateral Geneva Driving Collective Climate Action, hosted by the Geneva Environment Network in collaboration with the United Nations Environment Programme Europe Office and partners.

    As part of the World Environment Day Forum, HDA will join other Geneva-based organizations on 5 June to contribute to discussions on the links between health, climate change, and sustainable development. Climate change has significant implications for health systems, population health, and health equity, making it an important area for international cooperation and policy dialogue.

    HDA works to promote collaboration and exchange among stakeholders involved in global health policy and diplomacy. Through engagement with governments, international organizations, academia, civil society, and other partners, HDA supports dialogue on approaches to addressing complex health challenges that increasingly intersect with environmental and climate-related issues.

    The event will bring together representatives from international organizations, governments, civil society, academia, and the private sector at the International Environment House II in Geneva. Discussions will focus on the role of multilateral cooperation in advancing climate action ahead of the 2026 United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP31) in Antalya, Türkiye, and on the contribution of Geneva-based institutions to international policy processes.

    Participants are invited to visit the Health Diplomacy Alliance booth to learn more about our activities, exchange perspectives on the health impacts of climate change, and discuss areas of common interest and potential collaboration.

  • Plastics & Health: What We’re Not Talking About | Health Diplomacy House

    Plastics & Health: What We’re Not Talking About | Health Diplomacy House

    On the sidelines of the 79th World Health Assembly (WHA79), the Health Diplomacy Alliance and Geneva Environment Network hosted the Health Diplomacy House on Thursday, 21 May 2026. The House was an informal working space where organizations can convene sessions, hold discussions, and collaborate on practical health policy issues. Part of the “Predictable Uncertainty” series, it brings together policymakers, diplomats, academia, civil society, philanthropic organizations, and patient groups.


    The programme consisted of roundtables, small group discussions, and space for bilateral meetings and media engagement, with a flexible agenda expected to cover topics such as One Health, antimicrobial resistance, climate and health, health financing, and global health governance.


    This growing recognition was reflected at the Seventy-sixth World Health Assembly (WHA76), held in Geneva in May 2023, where Member States adopted a resolution on the impacts of chemicals, waste, and pollution on human health. Initially tabled by Peru, Canada, Colombia, Ecuador, El Salvador, Mexico, Monaco, Switzerland, Uruguay, and the European Union and its Member States, the resolution calls for scaling up work on plastics and health. It also encourages contributions to the Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee (INC) mandated UNEA Resolution 5/14 to develop a legally binding instrument on plastic pollution, including in the marine environment. The resolution further acknowledges related multilateral processes, including those under the Human Rights Council.


    Since then, WHO has called for the highest attainable standard of human and environmental health to be a core objective of the plastics treaty. WHO has highlighted the need to address both known and anticipated health risks associated with plastics, including chemicals and additives, as well as microplastics and nanoplastics, across all stages of the plastics lifecycle.


    This event featured Lightning Talks by diplomats, scientists, policymakers, and other experts. These talks will highlight why it is essential to communicate more clearly, consistently, and effectively about the health impacts of plastic pollution, and why health must be placed at the centre of global action on plastics.

    Lightning Talks

    From Science to Treaty: Placing Health at the Core of Global Plastics Governance

    Miriam G. MEDEL GARCIA | Head, Environment Team, Permanent Mission of Mexico to the United Nations Office and other international organizations in Geneva

    Plastics & Health | Giving the Attention it Needs

    Rüdiger KRECH | Acting Director, Department of Environment, Climate Change, One Health and Migration, World Health Organization

    The Global Health Burdens of Plastics: The Lancet Countdown on Health and Plastics

    Hervé RAPS | Research Liaison Physician, Centre Scientifique de Monaco

    Plastics & Health | Impacts Across the Full Lifecycle

    David AZOULAY | Director, Switzerland & Environmental Health Program, Center for International Environmental Law

    Food‑contact Chemical Regulation Ineffective for Health Protection

    Etienne CABANE | Engagement Director, Food Packaging Forum

     

    Plastic & Health | Mainstreaming Scientific Knowledge

    Roman LEHNER | SNF SPARK Grant Holder, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern

    Considering Key Elements for the Protection of Human Health in the Future Treaty on Plastic Pollution

    Carolyn DEERE BIRKBECK | Executive Director, Forum on Trade, Environment & the SDGs (TESS), Geneva Graduate Institute

    Plastic & Health | Scaling Proven Solutions

    María Alejandra GONZÁLEZ | Global Plastics Advocacy Manager, WWF Norway

    Sports for Nature | Swimming 191km to Raise Awareness for Global Ocean and Health Protection against Plastic Pollution

    Noam YARON | Record-Breaking Swiss Ultra-Endurance Athlete Advocating for Ocean Protection

    Video

    Live from the Résidence Rothschild

  • Women at the Heart of Health Diplomacy. Heal, Lead, Seal

    Women at the Heart of Health Diplomacy. Heal, Lead, Seal

    Speakers and Facilitators:

    Dr. Jacqueline Kitulu – President, World Medical Association
    Emma Rawson-Te Patu President, World Federation of Public Health Associations; Expert Member, United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues
    Dr. Valeria Gigante – Lead, R&D and Innovation for Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR), World Health Organization
    Dr. Caline Mattar – Professor of Medicine and Public Health; Infectious Diseases Specialist 
    Abigail Corrao – Adjunct Professor, Georgetown University; Co-Founder, Global Health Governance as Public Service
    Dr. Paula Reges – Advisor, Global Health, Pasteur Network
    Arantxa Cedillo – Founder, Arctype®; Senior Strategic Communications Advisor, Health Diplomacy Alliance  
     

    Haadiya Ahmed – Global Health Governance Fellow, Health Diplomacy Alliance

    Ms. Katherine Urbáez, Executive Director of the Health Diplomacy Alliance  

    Main Discussion

    On May 21, 2026, the Health Diplomacy Alliance convened the session Women at the Heart of Health Diplomacy. Heal, Lead, Seal as part of Health Diplomacy House on the sidelines of the 79th World Health Assembly in Geneva. The discussion brought together women leaders, diplomats, researchers, advocates, and public health professionals for an open and intergenerational exchange on leadership, representation, and influence in global health diplomacy. Framed around the realities of decision-making from community settings to multilateral negotiations, the session explored the persistent gaps that continue to limit women’s participation and authority in health governance. Through personal reflections and professional experiences, speakers highlighted the value of diverse perspectives in strengthening diplomacy and advancing more equitable health outcomes across regions and institutions. 

    The conversation underscored that women continue to face structural, institutional, and cultural barriers that restrict their ability to shape high-level health decisions. Participants reflected on moments where women’s voices were absent from negotiation tables and the consequences this had for policy, implementation, and communities. Attention was given to the experiences of young women entering the field, alongside the lessons and resilience of senior women who have spent decades navigating complex political and diplomatic environments. Speakers emphasized that meaningful progress requires more than symbolic representation. It demands systems that value lived experience, intersectional identities, and different forms of leadership. The discussion also highlighted the importance of mentorship, coalition building, sponsorship, and male allyship as practical approaches to creating more inclusive and responsive institutions. 

     

    The session concluded with a strong call to move from commitments on inclusion to tangible shifts in power. Participants encouraged governments, international organizations, academic institutions, funders, and civil society to invest in leadership pathways for women, strengthen gender responsive negotiation processes, and create spaces where women can contribute fully without needing to justify their presence. There was broad agreement that the future of health diplomacy depends on embracing diverse leadership and fostering collaboration across generations, sectors, and regions. More than a conversation, the session reinforced that women are already shaping global health diplomacy through expertise, innovation, and partnership. Their leadership is not an aspiration for the future but an essential force for building stronger negotiations, more equitable policies, and healthier societies worldwide. 

    Organizer

  • Signature of MoU to Advance Regional and Health Diplomacy

    Signature of MoU to Advance Regional and Health Diplomacy

    We are pleased to announce the signing of a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the East, Central, and Southern Africa Health Community (ECSA-HC), marking an important step toward strengthening collaboration in health diplomacy, regional health governance, and capacity development across Africa and beyond.

    The MoU establishes a framework for cooperation between the two organizations in areas of shared interest, recognizing the growing importance of diplomacy, partnership building, and cross-sector collaboration in addressing today’s complex health challenges.

    Through this collaboration, HDA and ECSA-HC aim to promote dialogue and knowledge exchange on health diplomacy and global health while supporting initiatives that strengthen leadership, institutional capacity, and regional cooperation.

    The partnership will also create opportunities for joint activities, including policy engagement, research, training, technical exchanges, and the convening of stakeholders from across government, academia, civil society, and international organizations.

    The agreement also underscores the importance of regional organizations in shaping global health discussions and ensuring that diverse perspectives contribute to international decision-making processes. By combining HDA’s expertise in health diplomacy with ECSA-HC’s extensive regional network and experience, both organizations are well positioned to advance practical solutions that respond to evolving health priorities.

  • Health Diplomacy House

    Health Diplomacy House

    The Health Diplomacy House is an informal, practical space where organizations convene sessions, hold discussions, and work on concrete health policy issues. Located in the historic Rothschild buildings, formerly the Ancien Hôpital Ophtalmologique (1874–1978), it offers a simple and functional setting for focused exchange.

    As part of the Predictable Uncertainty series, it brings together policymakers, diplomats, academia, youth, civil society, philanthropic actors, the private sector, and patient groups.

    The programme includes multiple sessions and dialogues covering One Health, antimicrobial resistance, women’s leadership, health economics, pandemic preparedness, climate and health, health financing, and global health governance and reform.

    The day will conclude with a reception, offering space for continued informal exchange among participants.

    Each session requires individual registration. You must register separately for every session you wish to attend, as places are limited and allocated on a first-come, first-served basis.

    We look forward to welcoming you in The House.

    Light breakfast at 7:20 AM & 9:30 AM

    MORNING SESSIONS

    8 :00 AM- 9:00 AM CET

    Global Health Architecture and Governance: Reflection in an Era of Predictable Uncertainty

    OPENING

    Salle Dunant

    The opening session of the Health Diplomacy House brings participants into a focused, informal conversation on how global health is changing across governance, financing, and institutional processes. It sets the tone for subsequent partner organization sessions within the Health Diplomacy Alliance, including our strategic priorities—AMR, climate change and health, health governance, and sustainable financing—and how these connect to wider reform processes. The session is designed as a space that goes beyond standard exchanges, supporting reflection on how current shifts connect across agendas and shape future cooperation and coordination in global health.

    Special Guests:

    Dr. Flavia Bustero
    GW Voices | Former WHO Assistant Director-General | Vice-Chair, Fondation Botnar | Co-Chair, Lancet Commission on GBV
    Hon. Kevin Bernard
    Minister of Health and Wellness of Belize
    Dr. Bruce Aylward
    Coordinator of UN80 Initiative and WHO Reform | Former WHO Assistant Director – General
    Marilyne Andersen
    Director General , Geneva Science Diplomacy Anticipator (GESDA)

    Facilitators:

    Richard Pearshouse
    Senior Member – Advisory Committee – Health Diplomacy Alliance \ Head of the Environment and Human Rights Division , Human Rights Watch
    Katherine Urbáez
    Executive Director, Health Diplomacy Alliance

    Salle Calvin

    9:00 AM- 10:00 AM CET

    Traditional Medicine at the Nexus of Climate, Biodiversity, and Land Restoration (Rio Conventions)

    This side event explores the role of traditional medicine at the intersection of climate action, biodiversity conservation, and land restoration aligned with the Rio Conventions (UNFCCC, Convention on Biological Diversity, and UNCCD). Rooted in Indigenous knowledge systems, traditional medicine depends on healthy ecosystems and diverse plant species, many of which serve as vital resources for both human and ecological health. Medicinal plants act as “natural pharmacies” within forests, supporting wildlife and maintaining ecosystem balance. The session will highlight how safeguarding biodiversity strengthens traditional healing systems, while restoration efforts benefit from medicinal plant diversity. Bringing together youth, Indigenous voices, and global stakeholders, the event aims to position traditional medicine as a bridge connecting health, nature, and sustainable development.

    Panelists

    Mr. Gokul Rajendran
    CEO @ Govardhan & GITMA
    Dr. Naeema Al Qasseer
    Global Health & Development Expert & Former WHO Senior Official
    Ms. Cristina Romanelli
    Programme Officer, Biodiversity, Climate Change and Health, WHO
    Mr. Thomas Egli
    Founder @ Geneva Forum

    Virtual Speaker:

    Dr. Mona El-Sherbini
    Asso. Prof. of Infectious Parasitic Disease @ Cairo University, Egypt

    Moderator:

    Mr. Domenico
    Founder @ International One Health Conference

    Salle Dunant

    9:30 AM- 11:00 AM CET

    What’s at Stake and What Comes Next for Global Health Reform

    This interactive session explores the future of global health reform at a critical moment for international cooperation. As numerous reform initiatives emerge, it has become increasingly challenging for stakeholders to track developments and engage meaningfully.

    The session will provide clear and accessible insights into the structural drivers behind global health reform, highlighting four key paradigm shifts shaping the future. It will also examine major milestones—from the Gavi Leap and Accra Reset to ongoing WHO-led processes—while addressing both opportunities and risks for meaningful change.

    Participants will be invited to engage, reflect, and contribute to shaping the next era of global health.

    Special Guests:

    Hanan Mohamed al-Kuwari
    Advisor to the Prime Minister for Public Health Affairs, Former Minister of Public Health, Qatar
    Ebere Okerere
    Global Health Adviser at the Mohamed bin Zayed Foundation for Humanity
    Helen Clark
    Former Prime Minister of New Zealand and Former Administrator of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
    Dr. Magda Robalo
    Member of the High-Level Panel of the Accra Reset Initiative, President and co-founder of The Institute for Global Health and Development (IGHD)
    Satoshi Ezoe
    Senior Assistant Minister for Global Health, Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW), Japan
    Minghui Ren
    Professor, Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Peking University
    John-Arne Røttingen
    CEO, Wellcome Trust
    Richard- Horton
    Editor-in-Chief, The Lancet
    Mark R. Dybul
    Chief Strategy Officer & Professor, Center for Global Health Practice and Impact, Georgetown University Medical Center
    Peter Piot
    Handa Professor of Global Health, LSHTM; Special Advisor on European and Global Health Security
    Michel Kazatchkine
    Senior Fellow, Global Health Centre, Geneva Graduate Institute; Senior Advisor, WHO Regional Office for Europe; Member, Independent Panel for Pandemic Preparedness and Response (IPPR)

    Facilitator:

    Dr Anders Nordström
    Director, PIPDH | Former Swedish Global Health Ambassador | Former Acting DG, WHO

    Salle Calvin

    10:00 AM- 11:00 AM CET

    Climate Change and Respiratory Health (Fireside Chat)

    This session will explore how climate change is affecting respiratory health worldwide. It will highlight the impact of rising temperatures, air pollution, and environmental changes on conditions like asthma and COPD, particularly among vulnerable populations. The session will bring together experts and policymakers to discuss prevention strategies, strengthen public health responses, and bridge the gap between research and policy.

    Panelists:

    Christian Terreaux
    Public Affairs Director, OM Pharma
    Abigail C Headshot
    Abigail Corrao
    Adjunct Professor, Georgetown University; Co-Founder, Global Health Governance as Public Service.
    Panagiotis Chaslaridis
    Senior Policy Advisor, European Federation of Allergy and Airways Diseases Patients’ Associations
    Katherine Urbáez
    Executive Director, Health Diplomacy Alliance
    Prof. Helena Pité
    Professor of immuno-allergology Hospital CUF Tejo, Lisbon

    Salle Calvin

    11:05 AM – 12:05 PM CET

    From Security to Stability: Health Interventions in Fragile and Conflict Affected Settings

    To what extent do different types of health-focused aid interventions in fragile and conflict-affected settings strengthen health system resilience? And how does improved resilience influence sociopolitical stability in these contexts? Drawing on an applied research project conducted by students at Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies in collaboration with Health Diplomacy Alliance, the session will present findings from four case studies: the Ebola response in Guinea, health interventions in the Tigray region of Ethiopia, a community-based intervention in Burundi, and the Free Healthcare Initiative in Sierra Leone. Based on interviews conducted with humanitarian workers, government officials, and health practitioners, the research examines whether and under what conditions health interventions can contribute not only to improved health outcomes, but also to broader forms of resilience, including trust-building, institutional legitimacy, social cohesion, and pathways toward greater sociopolitical stability.

    During the session, the student research team will present their project and key findings, followed by an open discussion on the practical and policy implications emerging from the research. The dialogue will focus on identifying recommendations for how health interventions in fragile and conflict-affected settings can be designed and implemented more effectively to strengthen health system resilience while supporting longer-term stability and recovery.

    Panelists:

    Anna Weinzierl
    First year Master’s in International and Development Studies, specialising in Sustainable Trade and Finance
    Vittoria Cateni
    First-year Master’s student in International and Development Studies, specializing in Migration.
    Charlotte Howden
    First year Master’s in International and Development Studies, specialising in Global Health
    Pia Mehdwan
    First-year Master’s student in International and Development Studies, specializing in Global Health.

    Salle Dunant

    11:15 AM- 12:35 PM CET

    Financing Health Through Diplomacy: Unlocking Debt-for-Health Swaps

    Financing Health Through Diplomacy: Unlocking Debt-for-Health Swaps” is a workshop session organized by JLI Center for Global Health Diplomacy. The session addresses growing financial pressures on health systems in low- and middle-income countries, driven by rising debt, declining aid, and constrained public resources. It aims to strengthen understanding of innovative and blended financing mechanisms, with a focus on debt-for-health swaps as a practical tool to unlock fiscal space for health investments. 

    Through presentations and discussion, participants will explore the working debt swap model through case studies, highlighting lessons learned, enabling factors, and implementation challenges. The session also emphasizes the role of health diplomacy in bringing together governments and partners to negotiate sustainable solutions. Designed as an interactive workshop, it encourages peer exchange and aims to generate actionable insights and better knowledge on the ways innovative financing in coordination with health diplomacy can be used to advance national health strategies.

    Panelists:

    Christoph Benn
    Executive Director, JLI Center for Global Health Diplomacy
    Cristina Nakano
    Project Manager for Innovative Financing, JLI Center for Global Health Diplomacy

    Moderator:

    Rafael Garcia
    Portfolio Manager, JLI Center for Global Health Diplomacy

    More Speakers and facilitators to be announced. 

    Light lunch at 11:40 AM & 12:40 PM

    LUNCH SESSION

    Salle Calvin

    12:10 PM – 13:20 PM CET

    Women at the Heart of Health Diplomacy. Heal, Lead, Seal.

    Women are at the core of health diplomacy, yet they are excluded from, or marginalized within, high-stakes health decisions, at every level from community to global. This session will convene women at different stages of leadership and from different sectors and regions, to create space for inter-generational dialogue amongst women leaders in global health. Throughout the session, participants will interrogate questions like: Where does real power sit in health negotiations, and how do women learn to navigate it? and, What would a genuinely gender-responsive health diplomacy process look like, and who has to change for it to happen? The discussion will center the real experiences of how women are excluded from, or marginalized within, high-stakes health decisions, at every level from community to global, and the specific challenges facing young women entering health diplomacy. Through honest and open conversation with one another, participants will build connections, solidarity, and mentorship across generations and sectors.

    Special Guests:

    Dr. Jacqueline Kitulu
    President of the World Medical Association
    Emma Rawson Te-Patu
    President World Federation of Public Health Associations. Expert Member United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues
    Dr. Paula Reges
    Advisor, Global Health | Pasteur Network
    Dr. Valeria Gigante
    Lead, R&D and Innovation Workstream for Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR), World Health Organization

    Facilitators: 

    Mattar headshot
    Dr. Caline Mattar
    Professor of Medicine & Public Health | Infectious Diseases Specialist
    Abigail C Headshot
    Abigail Corrao
    Adjunct Professor, Georgetown University; Co-Founder, Global Health Governance as Public Service.

    Speakers :

    Arantxa Cedillo
    Founder, Arctype® | Senior Strategic Communications Advisor, Health Diplomacy Alliance
    Haadiya Ahmed
    Geopolitical Analyst | Fellow, Health Diplomacy Alliance

    Salle Dunant

    12:30 PM- 1:20 PM CET

    Plastics & Health: What we’re not talking about

    The session will explore the often-overlooked health impacts of plastics across their full lifecycle, from production to disposal, highlighting growing scientific evidence on risks linked to plastic pollution, chemicals, microplastics and nanoplastics. It will also examine how health considerations can be more effectively integrated into ongoing global negotiations for a legally binding plastics treaty. Through short lightning talks by experts from diplomacy, science, and policy, the discussion will focus on why health must sit at the centre of global plastics action and how scientific knowledge can be better communicated and translated into policy.

    Panelists:

    Miriam G. Medel Garcia
    Head, Environment Team, Permanent Mission of Mexico to the United Nations Office and other international organizations in Geneva
    Rüdiger Krech
    Acting Director, Department of Environment, Climate Change, One Health and Migration, World Health Organization (WHO)
    Hervé Raps
    Research Liaison Physician, Centre Scientifique de Monaco
    David Azoulay
    Director, Switzerland & Environmental Health Program, Center for International Environmental Law (CIEL)
    Etienne Cabane
    Engagement Director, Food Packaging Forum
    Roman Lehner
    SNF SPARK Grant Holder, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern
    Carolyn Deere Birkbeck
    Executive Director, Forum on Trade, Environment & the SDGs (TESS), Geneva Graduate Institute
    María Alejandra Gonzáez
    Global Plastics Advocacy Manager, WWF Norway
    Noam Yaron
    Record-Breaking Swiss Ultra-Endurance Athlete Advocating for Ocean Protection

    AFTERNOON SESSIONS

    Salle Rousseau

    1:00 PM – 2:00 PM CET

    Closing the Gap: Governance and Financing for an Effective Global Response to Antibiotic Resistance

    ReAct’s roundtable, scheduled for May 21, 2026, on the sidelines of the 79th World Health Assembly in Geneva, will convene a small group of policymakers and experts to discuss the role of global governance and financing in addressing critical implementation gaps in the response to antibiotic resistance.


    The relevance of this discussion is underscored by a deteriorating global health financing landscape, marked by significant aid cuts and growing geopolitical instability that is straining multilateral cooperation. The roundtable will 1) reflect on strengths and limitations of the existing governance system and 2) explore options to expand and optimize both domestic and international financing.
    As a longstanding civil society convener at the intersection of governance and financing, ReAct seeks – through this focused dialogue – to support the alignment of strengthened governance and resource mobilization with national needs.

    Panelists:

    By Invitation Only

    Salle Calvin

    1:30 PM – 2:30 PM CET

    The International Court of Justice Advisory Opinion on Climate Change: Implications for Global Health Governance

    The International Court of Justice (ICJ) has recently issued an advisory opinion on the obligations of states in respect of climate change. This opinion has prompted considerable discussion within international law and global health circles regarding its potential relevance to the work of the World Health Organization (WHO) and its member states. In the context of the World Health Assembly’s ongoing engagement with climate change and health, including through the 2025 Global Action Plan on Climate Change and Health, there is growing interest in understanding how the advisory opinion may inform future global health law and governance.

    The 79th World Health Assembly offers an important opportunity to explore these questions with the broader global health community. The Health Diplomacy Youth Network (HDYN), in partnership with World’s Youth for Climate Justice (WYCJ), will host this fireside chat to provide an overview of what an advisory opinion is and how it functions within international law, present a clear overview of the Court’s key findings on state obligations in respect of climate change, and explore the potential relevance of the advisory opinion to global health governance frameworks, including through the work of the WHO and its member states.

    In conversation with Dr. Nilufer Oral, member of the International Law Commission, the fireside chat will examine possible considerations for integrating findings of the advisory opinion into ongoing global health law and governance processes, and support the launch of the HDYN–WYCJ Joint Task Force on the International Court of Justice Advisory Opinion on Climate Change.

    Panelists:

    Nilufer Oral
    Director, Centre of International Law, National University of Singapore; Member, United Nations International Law Commission
    Matthew Carvalho
    Chair, Health Diplomacy Youth Network; Adjunct Research Fellow (Global Governance and Diplomacy), Sunway Centre for Planetary Health, Sunway University; Co-Chair, Committee on Global Health Law, American Branch of the International Law Association

    Salle Rousseau

    2:00 PM – 3:30 PM CET

    The Role of Journalism in Global Health Diplomacy

    This session will explore the role of journalism in Global Health Diplomacy. Specifically, we will discuss the journalistic practices of Geneva Health Files in reporting global health negotiations in Geneva at the World Trade Organization, and the World Health Organization, during the pandemic and post-pandemic years. We will tell the story of how we came to report on closed-door negotiations to provide a service to negotiators, diplomats and other stakeholders during the negotiations on the WTO TRIPS Waiver, the amendments to the International Health Regulations, and the Pandemic Agreement. We will also discuss the impact we have had, and the traction we received in response to our journalism. The session will explore the tool of independent journalism to further transparency and accountability in global health policymaking. It will also underscore the importance of having access to rigorous journalism, for all delegations for timelyimpartial and accurate coverage of opaque decision-making.

    Panelists:

    Priti Patnaik
    Founder & Publisher at Geneva Health Files

    Salle Calvin

    2:30 PM – 3:20 PM CET

    From Co‑Benefits to Core Value: Health in Climate Policy

    As climate action accelerates, health is increasingly cited as a co‑benefit, but too often health impacts remain undervalued, inconsistently measured, or sidelined in real investment and policy decisions. This small, interactive session at Health Diplomacy House will explore how economic evidence and value assessment can make health impacts visible, credible, and decision‑relevant in climate policy.

    The discussion will examine how better alignment of climate and health evidence can strengthen cross‑government decisions, inform financing priorities, and support more effective climate action with meaningful health gains.

    With contributions from OHE, LSHTM, and climate leaders, and limited to around 40 participants, the session is designed to enable focused exchange, practical insight, and candid discussion among senior policymakers, diplomats, and partners working at the climate–health–finance nexus.

    Panelists:

    Professor Andy Haines
    Professor of Environmental Change and Public Health, The London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
    Professor Mireia Jofre-Bonet
    Chief Research Officer, Head of Education, OHE
    Dr. Iris Blom
    Penholder of the Pan-European Commission on Climate and Health at WHO Regional Office for Europe
    Dr. Tamer Rabie
    Global Program Lead for Climate and Health, World Bank
    Shouro Dasgupta
    Environmental Economist — Fondazione CMCC | Visiting Senior Fellow — Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment, London School of Economics and Political Science

    Salle Calvin

    3:00 PM – 4:30 PM CET

    Roundtable on the International Court of Justice Advisory Opinion

    This Strategic Roundtable brings together invited experts with experience across the Pandemic Agreement negotiations and the ICJ advisory opinion process to help shape the programme of work for the Health Diplomacy Youth Network–World’s Youth for Climate Justice Joint Task Force on the ICJ Advisory Opinion.

    Convenors: :

    Matthew Carvalho
    Chair, Health Diplomacy Youth Network; Adjunct Research Fellow (Global Governance and Diplomacy), Sunway Centre for Planetary Health, Sunway University; Co-Chair, Committee on Global Health Law, American Branch of the International Law Association
    Katherine Urbaez
    Executive Director, Health Diplomacy Alliance
    Nicole Ann Ponce
    Co-Founder and Global Advocacy Lead, World’s Youth for Climate Justice

    By Invitation Only

    Salle Dunant

    3:30 PM – 4:50 PM CET

    Changing Paradigms of Global Health Governance and Health Security Architecture: Reflections from South and Southeast Asia

    Contemporary global health governance (GHG) is increasingly characterised by fragmentation, geopolitical competition, power asymmetries, and a gradual retreat of traditional donors. At the same time, countries of the Global South are calling for a more equitable and representative order, prompting a rethinking of global health governance structures and financing mechanisms. South and Southeast Asia—given their demographic weight, epidemiological transitions, and growing economic and political influence—are central to shaping these shifts. The region faces a dual challenge: advancing universal health coverage (UHC) while addressing cross-border threats such as climate-related health risks and pandemic prevention, preparedness, and response (PPPR). This side event situates these challenges within ongoing World Health Assembly discussions and explores how strengthened regional cooperation can complement global multilateral processes. It focuses on three key pathways: (1) cross-border knowledge sharing, norm-setting, and technical exchanges; (2) the amplification of Global South voices and pooled expertise; (3) the value of issue-based coalitions and regional agendas on PPPR, which address the rapidly shifting health security architecture in South and Southeast Asia. The session builds on two research studies examining global and regional health governance dynamics and the implications of the Pandemic Agreement for regional cooperation in Asia.

    Panelists:

    Laveesh Bhandari 
    President, CSEP
    David McCoy
    Policy Research Lead, UNU-IIGH
    Priyadarshini Singh
    Fellow, CSEP
    Nadine Monteiro
    Research Analyst, CEP
    Yik Ying Teo
    Dean, Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore
    Suerie Moon
    Co-Director, Global Health Centre, Geneva Graduate Institute

    Salle Rousseau

    3:40 PM – 5:00 PM CET

    Advancing a Common Care Framework for Ethical Health Worker Mobility

    This session will explore how to make international health worker mobility fairer, more sustainable and more credible for all parties involved.

    It will introduce the Common Care Framework, a practical policy model for governing health worker mobility not simply as a matter of recruitment, but as a broader relationship that must also address integration, professional recognition, worker protection, retention, and mutual benefit between countries of origin and destination. Structured around the principles of respect, recognition and utility, the Framework aims to define what responsible and workable mobility should look like in practice for governments, employers, health workers and communities. The discussion will connect this approach to current global debates on the WHO Global Code of Practice, the WHO Support and Safeguards List, and the ILO fair recruitment framework, with a view to identifying more concrete and accountable ways of governing health worker mobility

    Panelists:

    By Invitation Only

    CLOSING SESSION

    Salle Dunant

    5:00PM – 6:30 PM CET

    CHECK THE BOX – AMR

    CLOSING

    The closing session of the Health Diplomacy House will focus on tracking political commitments on antimicrobial resistance, assessing the distance between declaration and implementation, and identifying the diplomatic and policy levers needed to accelerate action.

    Facilitators:

    Katherine Urbáez
    Executive Director, Health Diplomacy Alliance
    Mattar headshot
    Dr. Caline Mattar
    Professor of Medicine & Public Health | Infectious Diseases Specialist
    Prof. Sabiha Essack
    Professor in Pharmaceutical Sciences at the University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN) in Durban, South AfricaDeputy Director, Policy & Strategy ReAct Africa
    Tracie Muraya
    Deputy Director, Policy & Strategy ReAct Africa
    Dr. Benedikt Huttner
    Unit Head of Research, Access, Stewardship and AMU Surveillance (RSA), WHO

    7:00 PM

    RECEPTION

    Rue Rothschild 28, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland
    🚌
    Bus (TPG)
    1 25
    Nearby stops:
    Châteaubriand & Gautier
    🚊
    Tram (TPG)
    15
    Stop:
    Butini
    🚆
    Train (CFF/SBB)
    RL1 RL3
    Stations:
    Gare Cornavin & Geneva-Sécheron
    ⛴️
    Lake boat
    M4
    Stop: Châteaubriand (Lac)
    2 min walk — scenic option
    ✈️
    From the airport
    ~20 min
    Train from Geneva Airport → Cornavin, then bus 1 or 25 to Gautier or Châteaubriand

    The venue is a 10-minute walk from Geneva Cornavin — the central hub for all public transport in Geneva.
    Limited parking on site. The nearest paid parking is Parking Butini, a short walk from the venue. We encourage the use of public transport in line with our sustainability commitments.
    View on Google Maps ↗

    GETTING THERE

    Program
  • Climate Change and Respiratory Health

    Climate Change and Respiratory Health

    This side event, organized by Health Diplomacy Alliance and Geneva Health Forum, and explores the growing impact of climate change on respiratory health and the increasing burden of respiratory infections worldwide.

    Rising temperatures, air pollution, and changing environmental conditions are contributing to worsening air quality, prolonged allergy seasons, and heightened vulnerability to diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

    Bringing together experts, policymakers, and practitioners, the session will examine how climate-related factors influence respiratory health; particularly among vulnerable populations; and discuss practical prevention strategies.

    The event will also focus on bridging research and policy to strengthen public health responses, promote innovation, and enhance resilience in the face of climate-driven health challenges.

    Dr. Maria Neira

    Former Director of Environment, climate change and health at WHO

    Richard PEARSHOUSE

    Head of the Environment and Human Rights Division at Human Rights Watch

    Prof. Helena Pité

    Professor of immuno-allergology
    Hospital CUF Tejo, Lisbon

    Panagiotis CHASLARIDIS

    Senior Policy Advisor, European Federation of Allergy and Airways Diseases Patients’ Associations

    Mariam ZAIDI

    Journalist, Independant 

    Panelists

    Agenda

    18.00

    Welcome and registration

    18.15

    Introduction by Mariam Zaidi

    18.20

    Interactive panel discussion

    Climate change and respiratory health, importance of prevention Meaningful policy action: bridging research and practice.

    19.20

    Interactive Q&A

    19.50

    Wrap-up and next steps

    20.00

    Networking dinner buffet

  • The AMR–Health Security Equation: Why Diplomacy Matters for Cooperation?

    The AMR–Health Security Equation: Why Diplomacy Matters for Cooperation?

    Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents one of the most urgent and complex health challenges of our time. As life-saving drugs lose effectiveness, previously treatable infections risk becoming untreatable, crossing state borders, and threatening global health security. AMR can reverse the gains of modern medicine, including surgeries, cancer therapies, and intensive care. Without decisive action, AMR could result in millions of deaths annually and impose severe economic losses that strain health systems and national economies.

    Excessive antibiotic use in agriculture also raises resistance to zoonotic diseases, indirectly impacting human health. These connections make AMR a cross-cutting issue hindering progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Because resistant pathogens move between humans, animals, and ecosystems, and with globalized trade in livestock and agriculture, AMR’s inherently transboundary nature necessitates a One Health approach-driven international cooperation.

    This event will explore why addressing AMR demands robust health diplomacy and a globally coordinated response grounded in the One Health approach. Strengthening hygiene and infection prevention, ensuring responsible antimicrobial use, improving surveillance systems, integrating into health emergency preparedness response and resilience, and accelerating investment in new diagnostics, treatments, and vaccines are essential pillars of an effective strategy. Bringing together diverse stakeholders, including policymakers, scientists, health practitioners, international organization and civil society this discussion aims to chart actionable pathways that mitigate AMR as a global health and security objective.

    Summary

    As part of the 79th World Health Assembly, the Health Diplomacy Alliance convened a side event on 18 May 2026 to discuss antimicrobial resistance (AMR) as a health security issue. The event examined how AMR moves across human health, animal health, agriculture, water systems, environment, trade and financing. The discussion was moderated by Kate Warren, Executive Vice President at Devex. Katherine Urbaez, Founder and Executive Director of the Health Diplomacy Alliance, moderated the Spanish-language regional segment. 

    The purpose of the discussion was to discuss the implementation. Existing commitments, national action plans and regional strategies do not by themselves create laboratory capacity, surveillance systems, financing, regulation or public awareness. The discussion therefore focused on how commitments can be moved into practical action. 

    Kate Warren opened the session by placing AMR within the wider health security agenda. She explained that the event was taking place on the opening day of the 79th World Health Assembly, where health leaders were discussing decisions with long-term effects on global health. She described AMR as a threat to the basic functions of modern medicine, including routine infection treatment, surgery, cancer care and intensive care.  

    AMR as a Health Security Issue

    Kate Warren argued that AMR should be understood as part of health security planning. Resistant infections reduce the effectiveness of life-saving drugs and make treatable infections harder to manage. This affects individual patients, but it also affects the capacity of health systems to function during routine care and emergencies. She also linked AMR to economic losses and development setbacks, noting that the consequences would be felt by health systems and national economies. 

    AMR is already recognized in political declarations, G20 targets and ministerial commitments. The more difficult question is how those commitments are reflected in preparedness budgets, health security planning and implementation systems. The problem is therefore the gap between evidence, political commitment and operational capacity. 

    Dr. Silvia Bertagnolio, Unit Head for Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance and Laboratory at WHO, addressed this problem through diagnostics and surveillance. She stressed that countries need stronger laboratory systems and better access to diagnostics in order to know where resistance is occurring and how it is changing. She also described access to diagnostics as a human rights issue. This matters because without diagnosis, patients may receive inappropriate treatment and governments may lack the data needed to respond. 

    AMR as a Cross-Border Problem

    H.E. Fernando Boyd Galindo, Minister of Health of Panama, connected AMR to Panama’s geographic position. He described Panama as a strategically connected country. This connectivity is an advantage, but it also creates health responsibilities. He then referred to migration through Panama and explained that the movement of people also involves the possible movement of pathogens. His main point was that AMR cannot be addressed by one country alone. 

    Minister Galindo also stressed that AMR does not know borders. Panama’s role as a transit country means that national health risks also have regional implications. Migration, trade, mobility and environmental exposure all create routes through which resistant organisms can move. For this reason, national action plans need to be linked to regional surveillance and cooperation. 

    Sr. Jose Renan De Leon Caceres, Executive Secretary at SE-COMISCA, made a similar argument from the Central American perspective. He explained that Central American countries share borders, food systems and markets. He referred to the movement of agricultural and livestock products between countries, showing that practices in one country can affect others. 

    One Health Governance

    One Health was the main framework used by the speakers. Nevertheless, it was discussed as a governance issue rather than only as a technical concept. H.E. Dr. Angel Eduardo Midence Ochoa, Vice Minister of the Republic of Honduras, explained that the health sector has to convene other sectors, including environmental health, animal health, natural resources and related institutions. His point was that AMR cannot be managed by the Ministry of Health alone. 

    Vice Minister Midence described the work of building coordination between sectors for mitigation, detection and disease management. He also connected AMR to access to medicines, prescription practices and regulatory control. AMR governance depends on routine public administration. Planning, prescription control, access to medicines and regulatory capacity are the mechanisms through which AMR policy becomes operational. 

    H.E. Dra. Gina Beatriz Estrella Ramia, Deputy Minister for Risk Management and Environmental Health of the Dominican Republic, also described AMR as a One Health problem. She argued that AMR is no longer only an issue inside hospitals. It is now linked to borders, agriculture, aquaculture, water, sanitation and environmental systems. Speaking from the perspective of an island country, she referred to agriculture and aquaculture, including fish, mollusks and crustaceans, as sectors that need to be included in AMR surveillance and control. 

    Dra. Estrella Ramia also raised the question of governance and budgets. She explained that no sector should be treated as more important than the others. Each sector has a responsibility. This reflects a central difficulty in One Health implementation. The approach requires different ministries and agencies to work together even when they have different mandates, budgets and incentives. 

    Sr. Jose Renan De Leon Caceres referred to the regional One Health strategy in Central America. He explained that the strategy was approved through the health, agriculture and environment ministers. This gave the issue political weight, not only technical support.  

    Water, Environment and Sanitation

    The environmental dimension was discussed most clearly by Minister Fernando Boyd Galindo and Dra. Gina Beatriz Estrella Ramia. Minister Galindo referred to water systems, river basins and ecological balance in Panama. He argued that years of insufficient attention to water and environmental systems can create wider health consequences. AMR cannot be separated from sanitation, wastewater and environmental management. 

    Dra. Estrella Ramia also placed water and sanitation within AMR surveillance. She explained that environmental health, water, agriculture, livestock and aquaculture are all part of the resistance problem. Because resistant organisms and antimicrobial residues can circulate through water systems and environmental pathways. If these systems are not monitored, AMR surveillance remains incomplete. 

    This part of the discussion showed that environmental surveillance remains a weak part of AMR implementation. Countries may focus first on hospitals and clinical laboratories, but AMR is also shaped by water treatment, sanitation infrastructure, agricultural runoff and waste management. These areas often require investment outside the health sector, which is why political coordination and financing are necessary.

    Financing and Implementation

    A repeated theme was that AMR commitments need financing. Minister Fernando Boyd Galindo argued that health should not be treated only as a cost. It should be treated as an investment in a healthy population. He linked weak investment in water, sanitation and health systems to later public health and economic consequences. Underinvestment does not remove costs. It only moves them into the future. 

    Dr. Ntuli Angyelile Kapologwe, Director General of ECSA-HC, connected this point to ministries of finance. He argued that ministries of finance need to be part of AMR discussions from the beginning. Because AMR strategies cannot be implemented if they remain only in technical health documents. Financing decisions determine whether laboratories, surveillance systems, stewardship programmes and public campaigns can continue. 

    Standalone initiatives may raise attention, but they can be difficult to sustain. AMR work needs to be connected to national budgets, health security planning, laboratory systems, primary care, environmental monitoring and regional platforms. Otherwise implementation depends on short-term projects and external support. 

    Katherine Urbaez also directed attention to what needs to be monitored in implementation. The relevant questions are what has been committed, who is responsible, what is financed, what is monitored and what still needs political attention. These questions are important because they move the discussion from general political support to accountability. 

    Surveillance, Diagnostics and Data

    Dr. Silvia Bertagnolio’s intervention focused on surveillance and diagnostics. She explained that representative data is needed to understand the burden and spread of AMR. Weak laboratory capacity creates weak data, and weak data makes policy less precise. This is especially important in lower-resource settings where access to diagnostics is limited and infections may be treated without laboratory confirmation. 

    Sr. Jose Renan De Leon Caceres also discussed regional technical capacity. He referred to work on laboratory strengthening and early diagnosis. He also mentioned support from the Pandemic Fund to strengthen laboratories and surveillance systems and stated that AMR surveillance requires systems that can share information, connect platforms and report data in a way that can be used for decision-making. 

    The discussion therefore treated data as a governance tool. Diagnostics and laboratories help patients receive better care, but they also make AMR visible to governments. Without data, it is difficult to know whether commitments are producing results. Surveillance is therefore both a health function and an accountability function. 

    Regulation, Trade and Public Awareness

    Vice Minister Angel Eduardo Midence Ochoa linked AMR to prescription practices, access to medicines and public policy. He stated that regulation is a gradual process of building state capacity. Countries need systems that can control inappropriate use of antibiotics while still protecting access to essential medicines. This is exclusively difficult when health, agriculture and trade interests overlap. 

    The discussion also referred to the relationship between AMR regulation and economic activity. In Honduras, the issue was connected to agricultural production and export credibility. Strong traceability systems can help a country show where contamination occurred and protect both public health and legitimate trade. Regulation is can protect economic interests when it is based on evidence and clear systems. 

    Dra. Gina Beatriz Estrella Ramia raised the issue of public behaviour. She referred to the common practice of people buying antibiotics for flu-like illness because they believe antibiotics will help them recover. AMR is not only produced by weak legislation or weak laboratories. It is also produced by everyday behaviour, misinformation and easy access to antibiotics without proper guidance. 

    For this reason, education was discussed as part of AMR implementation. Public campaigns, schools, universities and community platforms can help explain when antibiotics are needed and when they are not. Regulation is necessary, but it may not be sufficient if public expectations and prescribing behaviour do not change. 

    Science, Technology and Innovation

    Martin Mueller, Executive Director Science Anticipator at GESDA, addressed the role of new technologies, including artificial intelligence, decentralised surveillance and improved diagnostics. These tools can support earlier detection and better prediction. However, they also require governance systems that can keep up with scientific change. 

    Christian Terreaux, Member of BEAM Alliance, brought attention to the role of innovation in the AMR response. Innovation is relevant because AMR requires better diagnostics, treatments and tools. However, innovation alone is not enough. New tools need financing, access pathways and regulatory systems if they are to be used in countries with different levels of capacity. 

    The point from this part of the discussion was that science can move faster than governance. This creates risks. If advanced diagnostics and prediction systems are available only to some countries, technology may widen existing inequalities. For this reason, innovation needs to be linked to access, financing and implementation. 

    Health Diplomacy and Cooperation

    Health diplomacy was treated as a practical requirement for AMR implementation. Kate Warren framed the event around what health diplomacy has to do with moving commitments into action. Dr. Ntuli Kapologwe stated this directly by arguing that diplomacy has to be present in AMR work. The reason is that AMR requires cooperation across ministries, countries and sectors. 

    Katherine Urbaez’s questions linked national experiences to regional and multilateral cooperation. She asked how Panama understood concrete risks, how Central America viewed shared responsibility, and how the discussion related to multilateral and commercial issues. This showed health diplomacy as a way of connecting technical problems to political decision-making. 

    Regional institutions were also important in the discussion. SE-COMISCA was presented as a platform for Central American coordination across health, agriculture and environment. ECSA-HC was connected to regional health cooperation and financing discussions in East, Central and Southern Africa. WHO was linked to diagnostics, surveillance and technical guidance. These institutions matter because they help translate global commitments into regional and national systems. 

    The discussion therefore showed that diplomacy is needed at several levels. At the national level, it is needed to connect health, finance, environment, agriculture, trade and foreign affairs. At the regional level, it is needed for cross-border surveillance and shared food systems. At the global level, it is needed to maintain accountability and support equitable access to technologies and financing. 

    Conclusions

    The event showed that AMR is already recognised as a major health and development challenge. The remaining difficulty is implementation. Speakers did not focus on proving the seriousness of AMR. They focused on the systems needed to respond to it. 

    Based on the discussion, the following conclusions can be drawn. 

    • AMR should be treated as a health security issue because it weakens routine care and emergency preparedness. 
    • One Health needs institutions, budgets and responsibilities. It cannot remain only a technical framework. 
    • Regional cooperation is necessary because migration, trade, livestock, agriculture, water systems and food products cross borders. 
    • Health ministries cannot implement AMR commitments alone. Finance, environment, agriculture, trade and foreign affairs ministries need to be involved from the start. 
    • Laboratory capacity, diagnostics and surveillance are central because they make AMR visible and allow progress to be monitored. 
    • Water, sanitation and environmental systems need greater attention in AMR strategies. 
    • Antibiotic regulation must be linked to public awareness, prescription control and trade realities. 
    • New technologies can support AMR response, but only if access, financing and governance are addressed at the same time. 
    • Health diplomacy is necessary to keep AMR on the political agenda and to connect evidence with financing and implementation. 
    •  

    Panelists

    H.E. Fernando Boyd Galindo

    Minister of Health of Panama

    H.E. Dra. Gina Beatriz Estrella Ramia

    Deputy Ministry for Risk Management and Environmental Health of the Dominican Republic

    Dr. Ntuli Angyelile Kapologwe


    The East, Central, and Southern Africa Health Community (ECSA-HC), Director General 

     

    H.E. Dr. Angel Eduardo Midence Ochoa

    Vice Minister of the Republic of Honduras

    Professor Dame Sally Davies

    UK Special Envoy on Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR)

    Christian Terreaux

    Member of BEAM Alliance

    Dr. Martin Müller

    Executive Director Science Anticipator, GESDA

    Dr Silvia Bertagnolio

    Unit Head, Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance & Laboratory (ASL), WHO 

    Sr. José Renán De León Cáceres

    Executive Secretary at SE-COMISCA

    Katherine Urbáez

    Founder & Executive Director, Health Diplomacy Alliance

    Moderator

    Kate Warren

    Executive Vice President, Devex

  • Her Turn: Women’s Leadership and Diplomacy for Gender-Responsive Global Health

    Her Turn: Women’s Leadership and Diplomacy for Gender-Responsive Global Health

    Speakers:

    Dr. Flavia Bustreo – GWL Voices member  

    Ms. Helen Clark – GWL Voices member, PMNCH member  

    Mr. Rajat Khosla – PMNCH  

    Dr. Revati Phalkey – Director of the United Nations University Institute for Global Health (UNU-IIGH)  

    Ms. Merette Khalil – Founder, YourEgyptianDoula  

    Dr. Magda Róbalo – President of Women in Global Health  

    Ms. Clara Cabrera Brasero – Deputy Permanent Representative of Spain to the United Nations in Geneva  

    Moderator

    Ms. Katherine Urbáez, Executive Director of the Health Diplomacy Alliance  

    Main Discussion

    The Her Turn: Women’s Leadership and Diplomacy for Gender-Responsive Global Health side event, held during the 79th World Health Assembly, convened to address the persistent exclusion of women from decision-making in the health sector. Speakers emphasized that despite women comprising 70 – 80% of the health workforce, they remain significantly underrepresented in leadership roles and diplomatic processes. The event highlighted that current global health architecture often overlooks gender-responsive policies, leading to a critical disconnect between the people most affected by health systems and the structures governing them. 

    Participants discussed the necessity of shifting from mere commitments to concrete implementation through feminist foreign policies. Lucia ChiCote of Spain’s permanent mission underscored Spain’s commitment to a feminist foreign policy that prioritizes sexual and reproductive health as a component of universal public health. Panelists argued that gender equality should not be treated as an ideological preference but as a strategic investment in global stability and resilience. The discussion highlighted the importance of leveraging regional alliances and institutional tracks, such as the Universal Periodic Review, to maintain progress despite geopolitical deadlocks and shrinking development assistance. 

    Moving forward, the event underscored the urgent need for intergenerational leadership and the meaningful inclusion of frontline workers, particularly midwives and young women, in policy dialogues. Leaders advocated for moving beyond tokenism by challenging power structures and demanding accountability for gender-responsive outcomes.  

    The session concluded with a call to action for participants to push for transformative leadership within global health institutions, such as the World Health Organization, where women have historically held the top leadership position less than one-fifth of the time. Ultimately, the event served as a platform to demand that institutional governance reflects the lived realities of the women and marginalized groups who are the primary users and providers of global health care. 

    Emphasis was placed on the Fifth Ministerial Conference on Feminist Foreign Policy, hosted by Spain in Madrid on 2 and 3 June 2026 under the theme Building Peace and Democracy. The Conference reaffirmed that gender equality, women’s leadership, and feminist foreign policy are essential pillars for strengthening multilateralism, advancing peace, and building more inclusive and democratic institutions. These shared priorities reinforce the importance of continuing to elevate women’s voices and leadership across global health diplomacy.

    Video of the Event

    Organizer

  • Uncertainty That is Predictable: Diplomacy and Power Shifts

    Uncertainty That is Predictable: Diplomacy and Power Shifts

    This online panel, hosted by the Health Diplomacy Alliance, explores how shifting geopolitical dynamics in 2026 are shaping global health governance and diplomacy. Bringing together expert perspectives, the discussion examines the intersection of international relations, conflict, and economic uncertainty with health decision-making. It aims to provide policymakers and practitioners with insights to navigate complex global challenges and strengthen health-focused diplomatic strategies.

    Summary

    As part of the Predictable Uncertainty series, the Health Diplomacy Alliance convened a virtual panel on 20 April 2026 to examine how geopolitical power shifts, contested multilateralism, and regional insecurity are reshaping diplomacy and the conditions under which health decisions are made. Moderated by Ahmad Mujtaba and Katherine Urbáez (Executive Director, HDA), the discussion brought together perspectives from peace and security, global health governance, and international political economy to address a central question: How should diplomacy respond when uncertainty is no longer an exception but the operating environment?  

    The discussion made one point clear that turbulence is not random. It is structured. It emerges from recognizable trends in the international system, including the diffusion of social power, the persistence of political exclusion, the weakening of multilateral institutions, and the strategic instrumentalisation of health, aid, and supply chains. What appears chaotic is, in important respects, predictable. That predictability creates both a warning and an opportunity. It warns that the erosion of solidarity, legitimacy, and institutional trust will continue to generate crisis. However, it also offers a basis for redesign in a way that if the drivers of instability are visible, then diplomatic and governance responses can be built with greater realism, resilience, and justice.

    A world defined by contested power

    A major contribution of the discussion was its insistence that global uncertainty must be understood through the lens of power. Prof. Funmi Olonisakin argued that the present moment is shaped by at least three overlapping dynamics, including the contestation between social, economic, and political power; the rebalancing of voice and agency between the Global South and Global North; and the recurrence of violent conflict in new and increasingly entrenched forms. Her analysis suggested that the international system is not merely becoming more multipolar. It is becoming more contested from below, as citizens, communities, and historically marginalized regions assert claims that existing structures have been unwilling or unable to absorb.

    This matters because instability is not generated only by rivalry among major powers. It is also generated by exclusion within states and across the global order. Prof Olonisakin warned that societies cannot be stripped of voice, opportunity, and belonging without producing recurrent violence. Her distinction between the “owners of peace” and the “beholders of peace” illuminated a fundamental normative and policy challenge, peacebuilding and diplomacy are still too often structured around armed actors and external stakeholders, rather than the communities that endure conflict and bear primary responsibility for sustaining recovery. 

    For a health diplomacy audience, this intervention has immediate implications. If exclusion is a driver of instability, then health cannot be treated solely as a technical sector downstream from politics. It becomes part of the political settlement itself, a site of legitimacy, public trust, social protection, and inclusion. 

    The multilateral order is under strain, but nostalgia is not a strategy

    Prof. Ole Petter Ottersen placed the discussion squarely within the crisis of global health governance. He described the current system as the one under severe pressure, deepening inequities, the targeting of health systems in conflict, erosion of the rules-based order, and the weakening of institutions that once underpinned international cooperation. Further argued that the challenge is not only one of institutional performance, but one of geopolitical disruption. Global health is being reshaped by the same forces that are destabilizing diplomacy more broadly. One of the most important insights from his intervention was that defending multilateralism does not mean defending the old order uncritically. Prof Ottersen explicitly argued against nostalgia. In his view, the task is to redesign global health architecture on fairer terms. He outlined a reform agenda centered on five priorities including resisting the dismantling of core global health infrastructure; avoiding a simplistic return to past arrangements; building a more just and representative system; advancing regionalization; and shifting from reactive crisis response to long-term capacity building, especially in the “Global South”. He added that debt relief and governance frameworks better aligned with One Health are necessary components of any viable reform path.  

    This is a consequential argument because it suggests that the future of international health cooperation will depend less on abstract commitments to “global solidarity” and more on whether institutions can redistribute authority, support regional capability, and align financing with national and regional priorities rather than donor convenience. 

     

    Regionalisation is becoming a necessity, not a preference

    A strong point of convergence across the discussion was the growing importance of regions. Prof Ottersen pointed to institutions such as Africa CDC as evidence that regional bodies can assume functions that were once concentrated at the global level. In his view, stronger regional ownership, greater self-reliance, and local capacity for areas such as vaccine production are no longer optional ambitions. They are practical responses to a world in which multilateral guarantees can no longer be assumed.  

    At the same time, Prof Olonisakin offered a necessary corrective that regionalization should not be romanticized. She warned that in security terms, some regional institutions remain weak, fragmented, or unable to contain conflict, citing the persistence of violence in parts of Africa and the harmful role of competing middle-power interventions. Her point was that the effectiveness of regionalism depends on whether broader political architectures are repaired and made more inclusive. Without that repair, fragmentation at the regional level may expand before any meaningful consolidation becomes possible.  

    Health must be treated as a strategic domain of foreign policy

    One of the clearest takeaways from the event was that health diplomacy must move beyond the language of soft power and technical cooperation. When Katherine Urbáez asked how health can be positioned more effectively within foreign policy, Prof Ottersen argued that policymakers must be persuaded of two interlocking realities, first, that health equity and gender equality are linked to peace; and second, that human health is inseparable from climate, animal health, and epidemic risk through a One Health lens. In other words, health is not peripheral to strategic policy. It is central to stability.  

    That insight was reinforced from another angle by Prof Olonisakin, who argued that health can also serve as an entry point for peace. She noted that humanitarian and health responses can open space for ceasefires, temporary de-escalation, and common ground, precisely because they address needs shared across conflict lines. Her observation points to a neglected diplomatic instrument: health not only as an object of governance, but as a channel for trust-building in otherwise polarized environments.  

    Great-power rivalry now runs through global health

    When Prof. Ja Ian Chong joined the discussion, he brought the “elephant in the room” into sharper focus, the strategic competition between the United States and China. His intervention accentuated that global health can no longer be analyzed as if it sits outside geopolitical rivalry. Whether in vaccines, supply chains, financing, or narrative contestation, health is now one of the arenas through which states seek leverage and advantage. As he put it, “strategies for advancing health must account for agendas that may need to be worked with, worked around, or actively countered”.  

    This was one of the event’s most hardheaded insights. Prof Chong cautioned against assuming that major actors are operating in good faith around global public goods. He stressed that health and related forms of cooperation are increasingly being reframed through national-interest narratives, with publics encouraged to view them skeptically. That means health diplomacy must become more politically literate. It must anticipate narrative warfare, not only material disruption.  

    He recommended that, in a contested environment, resilience depends on diversification, redundancy, and reduced dependence on narrow chokepoints. Speaking in the context of supply chains and health security, he argued for alternative routes, broader sourcing, and issue-based cooperation that can withstand major-power rivalry. When asked how to prepare for predictable uncertainty in one word, Chong’s answer was “redundancy,” while Ottersen’s was “scenario planning.” Together, those answers amounted to a doctrine of preparedness for a fractured era.  

    Financing, ownership, and the politics of reform

    Another important thread concerned the role of donors and philanthropic actors. Prof Ottersen noted that fragmented financing can force countries to reshape national health strategies around external preferences rather than domestic priorities. This weakens coherence and makes durable system-building more difficult. His intervention pointed toward a structural critique that development assistance and philanthropy are not neutral supplements to governance. They shape incentives, authority, and fragmentation. The reform challenge, then, is not merely to secure more funding, but to ensure stronger recipient ownership over how external financing aligns with long-term system development.  

    This has obvious implications for health diplomacy. If global health governance is to become more just and effective, the question is not only who funds, but who decides, who sets priorities, and whose institutions are strengthened in the process. 

    Conclusions

    The discussion pointed to a clear strategic imperative: in a more fragmented geopolitical environment, health diplomacy must become more inclusive, more regionally anchored, and more politically realistic. 

    Redesign multilateralism to be more just, representative, and fit for today’s geopolitical realities.  

    • Empower regional health institutions to play a stronger role in preparedness, coordination, and governance.  
    • Invest in long-term national and regional health capacity instead of relying on crisis-driven emergency responses.  
    • Place leadership from countries with limited financial resources at the center of reform, not at the margins of implementation. 
    • Broaden diplomacy beyond elites by including communities, civil society, and those most affected by conflict.  
    • Use health as a practical pathway for peacebuilding, trust-building, and cooperation in divided settings.  
    • Embed health firmly within foreign policy as a strategic priority, not a secondary technical issue.  
    • Prepare for disruption through redundancy, diversified supply chains, and stronger scenario planning.  
    • Safeguard global health cooperation from zero-sum rivalry and geopolitical instrumentalization.  
    • Ensure donor and philanthropic support strengthens country-led systems rather than deepening fragmentation. 

    Video of the Event

    Panelists

    Professor Simone Susanne Dietrich

    Associate Professor of Political Science and International Relations, University of Geneva

    Professor Funmi Olonisakin

    Vice President (IES), King’s College London; Professor of Security, Leadership and Development

    Professor Ole Petter Ottersen

    Professor of Medicine, University of Oslo; Former President, Karolinska Institutet

    Professor Ja Ian Chong

    Associate Professor of Political Science at the National University of Singapore (NUS)